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The birth of football. Officially, the birth date of domestic football is considered to be 1897, when a match between two local teams took place in St. Petersburg, information about which was recorded in the sports press. (But football began to be played in Russia much earlier: first of all, in the English “colonies”). There, in St. Petersburg, a city football league was formed in 1901 - the first such organization in the country. Soon she held the first St. Petersburg championship, which was won by the Nevka team (Nevsky Club). The first Russian referee was George Duperron, who did a lot to develop football theory in our country. At the turn of the century, football, in addition to the two capitals, was cultivated in Kharkov, Tver, Odessa, Riga, Tbilisi, Kyiv and some other cities of Russia. At the beginning of the last century, several women's (or, as they said then, ladies') teams were created in Moscow. Children's football developed. In 1907, the first official intercity match took place - between the teams of Moscow and St. Petersburg. In the same year, Russian football players made their debut on the international stage: the Sport club met with a team from Stockholm and lost 2:3. In 1912, the All-Russian Football Union was founded, uniting more than 150 clubs from various cities and soon accepted into FIFA. In the same year, the first champion of the country was determined (the St. Petersburg team became it) and the official debut of our football players in international competitions took place. They took part in Olympic Games, but lost both matches. The Russian team was let down by lack of teamwork and the absence of a coach, although it included many gifted players known throughout the country: the captain of the national team, a representative of the football dynasty Vasily Butusov, a man of amazing and mysterious destiny, goalkeeper Pyotr Sokolov, Mikhail Romm, who later wrote more than one football manual, Vitaly Bianchi and others

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History of football. Games similar to modern football have existed for quite a long time. different nations, however, the first written rules date back to 1848. The birth date of football is considered to be 1863, when the first Football Association was organized and rules similar to modern ones were drawn up. The history of football began a very long time ago. For example, in Egypt, Germany, and China there were games similar to football. The most successful of them was called harpastum and was invented by the Italians. But when modern football appeared, harpastum was forgotten. When the British invented football, they immediately began to popularize it in all countries, including Russia. At that time, many English teams participated in the championship. Football in Russia was first mentioned in the book of one of the doctors, “playing with a ball in the air.”

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Football from the times of the USSR. In pre-war times. In 1920, the RSFSR championship was played for the first time. The Moscow team won. In 1923 she became the first winner of the USSR championship. (Until the mid-30s, not clubs, but teams of cities and republics participated in the national championships.) In the first half of the 20s, several international matches took place with the participation of our teams, although the Soviet Union would receive official FIFA recognition only after World War II. In 1928, the Dynamo Stadium was opened in Moscow - the largest stadium in the country and the first sports facility in the USSR that met international standards. (Until the opening of the V.I. Lenin stadium in Moscow Luzhniki in 1956, Dynamo remained the “football Mecca” of the country.) Also in 1928, another significant event took place: the All-Union College of Football Referees began its activities. At the end of 1934, the USSR Football Section was formed (since 1959 – the USSR Football Federation). And on May 22, 1936, the first ever USSR championship among clubs kicked off with a match between the Leningrad Dynamo and the capital’s Lokomotiv: divided into spring and autumn. Less than two months later, the first champion, Dynamo (Moscow), became known. In August, the first winner of the country's Cup was determined: Moscow's Lokomotiv, which beat Dynamo (Tbilisi) 2:0 in the final. The autumn championship was won by Moscow's Spartak. It is noteworthy that the top scorers of both championships were representatives of the champion teams: respectively, “Dynamo” M. Semichastny (6 goals) and “Spartak” G. Glazkov (7). It was these two teams that shared the championship gold between themselves before the war: both clubs won it three times. In the 20-30s, not only individual players shone in domestic football (Grigory Fedotov, Anatoly Akimov, Pyotr Dementyev, Boris Paichadze, Mikhail Yakushin, etc.), but also entire family “clans” - such as, for example, the Starostin brothers or Butusovs.

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The national championship, which began in April 1941, was not completed. The history of domestic football includes games in besieged Leningrad and liberated from the Nazis, completely destroyed Stalingrad. Already in 1942–1944 the Moscow city championship was held. In 1944, the next USSR Cup took place, the winners of which were the players of the Leningrad “Zenith”. In May 1945, the first post-war national championship started, the victory of which was celebrated by Dynamo Moscow. The trend that emerged before the war continued in the post-war period. Until the 60s, the title of national champion invariably went to the capital's clubs. In con. 40 – beginning In the 50s, a powerful winning streak was achieved by the “team of lieutenants” - CDKA (CDSA, now CSKA). Then “Dynamo” and “Spartak” alternately came out on top. But after the championship success of Moscow Torpedo, Dynamo Kyiv - in 1961 - for the first time violated the capital's hegemony. In total, the Kyivians won gold medals as champions of the USSR 13 times, surpassing their Moscow teammates and their fellow Spartak players in this indicator (who, respectively, had 11 and 12 championship titles). Over the years, Dynamo Minsk and Tbilisi, Yerevan Ararat and Voroshilovgrad Zarya, Zenit (Leningrad) and Dnepr (Dnepropetrovsk) also became national champions. The number of teams participating in the major league of the USSR championship (as well as its name itself and the championship formula) changed several times. In the early 60s, the final stage of the championship was preceded by preliminary group tournaments. In 1976, spring and autumn championships were competed in one season. As an experiment, in the event of a draw, the teams took a series of post-match penalties. A draw limit was introduced in 1978 and remained in effect for ten seasons. Several times it was necessary to hold a “golden match” to determine the champion. Traditionally, the fight for the National Cup was fierce and uncompromising. More often than others (10 times) it was owned by the Moscow Spartak team. The last USSR football champion was CSKA in 1991, which simultaneously won the country's Cup and thus made the last “double” in the history of Soviet football. Post-war football revealed many new star names: A. Khomich, K. Beskov, V. Nikolaev, V. Bobrov, I. Netto, N. Simonyan, L. Yashin, E. Streltsov, V. Ivanov, V. Ponedelnik, S. Metreveli, A. Shesternev, M. Khurtsilava, E. Malofeev, E. Lovchev, E. Rudakov, O. Blokhin, D. Kipiani, R. Dasaev, A. Demyanenko, A. Zavarov, Kh. Oganesyan, V. Khidiyatullin, F. Cherenkov and many others. etc. The successes of our football clubs and the USSR national team are largely associated with the activities of outstanding coaches, among whom there were many former players: N. Simonyan, K. Beskov, V. Lobanovsky and others. The national championship, which began in April 1941, was not completed. The history of domestic football includes games in besieged Leningrad by Simonyan, K. Beskov, V. Lobanovsky and others.

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In the fall of 1945, Dynamo Moscow's triumphant tour of Great Britain took place: 2 wins and 2 draws in four matches. British experts and spectators were greatly impressed not only by the result, but also by the guests’ game itself: assertive, powerful, inventive and effective (19 goals). CDKA's performance in Yugoslavia in December 1945 was also successful. And in the fall of 1947, the Moscow Dynamo team held a victorious tour of Scandinavia - after the USSR Football Section joined FIFA (in 1954 the USSR also joined UEFA). In 1952, the USSR team made its debut at the Olympic Games. In a dramatic match with the Yugoslav national team, the Soviet team, losing 1:5, managed to draw the game 5:5. Our players had no strength left for a replay, and they lost with a score of 1:3. The Melbourne 56 Olympics was a triumph for the Soviet team. Having won the final 1:0 against the Yugoslav team, our players took first place in an official international tournament for the first time. In total, the USSR national team has two Olympic gold medals and three bronze medals. Our team also achieved considerable success at the European Championships: one gold and three silvers. The highest achievement of Soviet football players at world championships was 4th place at the 1966 World Cup in England. The latest successes of the USSR national team date back to the late 80s: Olympic gold at the 1988 Games and, in the same year, second place at the European Championships. In 1965, Dynamo Moscow, the first Soviet team, took part in European Cup competitions (the Cup Winners' Cup). And in the spring of 1972 - also for the first time in the history of our football - Dynamo reached the final (of the same Cup Winners' Cup), but lost to Glasgow Rangers 2:3. Dynamo's initiative was supported by their teammates from Kyiv and Tbilisi, who also distinguished themselves in the Cup Winners' Cup. The Kiev team beat Ferencvaros (Budapest, Hungary) 3:0 in the final in 1975, and the Tbilisi team beat Carl Zeiss (Jena, East Germany) 2:1 in 1981. In 1986, Dynamo Kiev repeated its success, scoring three unanswered goals against Atlético Madrid (Madrid, Spain) in the decisive match. Another achievement of the people of Kiev is the European Super Cup (1975). Three times Soviet football players were awarded the Golden Ball (the prize for the best player in Europe is awarded based on the results of a survey conducted by the weekly France Football): Lev Yashin (1963), Oleg Blokhin (1975) and Igor Belanov (1986). In the fall of 1945, Dynamo Moscow's triumphant tour of Great Britain took place: 2 wins and 2 draws in four matches. British experts and spectators were greatly impressed not only by the result, but also by the guests’ game itself: assertive, powerful, inventive and effective (19 goals). CDKA's performance in Yugoslavia in December 1945 was also successful. And in the fall of 1947, the Moscow Dynamo team held a victorious tour of Scandinavia - after the USSR Football Section joined FIFA (in 1954 the USSR also joined UEFA). In 1952, the USSR team made its debut at the Olympic Games. In a dramatic match with the Yugoslav national team, the Soviet team, losing 1:5, managed to draw the game 5:5. Our players had no strength left for a replay, and they lost with a score of 1:3. The Melbourne 56 Olympics was a triumph for the Soviet team. Having won the final 1:0 against the Yugoslav team, our players took first place in an official international tournament for the first time. In total, the USSR national team has two Olympic gold medals and three bronze medals. Our team also achieved considerable success at the European Championships: one gold and three silvers. The highest achievement of Soviet football players at world championships was 4th place at the 1966 World Cup in England. The latest successes of the USSR national team date back to the late 80s: Olympic gold at the 1988 Games and, in the same year, second place at the European Championships. In 1965, Dynamo Moscow, the first Soviet team, took part in European Cup competitions (the Cup Winners' Cup). And in the spring of 1972 - also for the first time in the history of our football - Dynamo reached the final (of the same Cup Winners' Cup), but lost to Glasgow Rangers 2:3. Dynamo's initiative was supported by their teammates from Kyiv and Tbilisi, who also distinguished themselves in the Cup Winners' Cup. The Kiev team beat Ferencvaros (Budapest, Hungary) 3:0 in the final in 1975, and the Tbilisi team beat Carl Zeiss (Jena, East Germany) 2:1 in 1981. In 1986, Dynamo Kiev repeated its success, scoring three unanswered goals against Atlético Madrid (Madrid, Spain) in the decisive match. Another achievement of the people of Kiev is the European Super Cup (1975). Three times Soviet football players were awarded the Golden Ball (the prize for the best player in Europe is awarded based on the results of a survey conducted by the weekly France Football): Lev Yashin (1963), Oleg Blokhin (1975) and Igor Belanov (1986).

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Modern stage. In February 1992, the Russian Football Union (RFU, president - V.I. Koloskov) was founded, which became the legal successor of the USSR and CIS Football Federations. The RFU also includes the Professional Football League (PFL), headed by N.A. Tolstykh. In the spring of 1992, the first Russian championship started, which was won by Moscow Spartak. The first winners of the Russian Cup were the capital's Torpedo team, defeating CSKA in the final in a penalty shootout. In subsequent years, Spartak repeatedly confirmed its championship credentials, winning 9 out of 11 titles between 1992 and 2002. In 1995, Spartak-Alania (Vladikavkaz) became the champion, and in 2002, Lokomotiv (Moscow) became the champion, beating CSKA in the “golden match”. The list of Russian Cup winners is more diverse, but it mainly includes Moscow clubs. In addition to Torpedo, the Cup was won in different years by: Lokomotiv (four times), Spartak (twice), Dynamo and CSKA. Only once - in 1999 - did a non-Moscow club, namely Zenit (St. Petersburg), manage to win an honorary trophy. In the spring of 2003, the national champion and the Russian Cup winner played the Super Cup in a match between themselves for the first time. Its owner was Lokomotiv (Moscow). The maximum that Russian clubs have managed to achieve in European Cup competitions today is to reach the semi-finals (Spartak and Lokomotiv managed to do this twice each). The past decade turned out to be unsuccessful for the Russian national team as well. Inexpressive game at the World Championships 94 and Euro 96. The 1998 World Championship and the 2000 European Championship, as well as the last two Olympic football tournaments, took place without our participation at all. The Russian team made it to the finals of the 2002 World Championship, but performed poorly and dropped out of the competition already at the group stage. Many leaders of Russian football in the 90s began their sports careers back in Soviet time: I. Tsymbalar, S. Cherchesov, I. Chugainov, I. Dobrovolsky and others. At the same time, the past decade has revealed many new names: A. Tikhonov, I. Titov, A. Smertin, A. Panov, S. Semak, D. Loskov, R. Gusev, M. Izmailov, D. Sychev and others. A sign of the new football era: many Russians now play for foreign teams. And more and more foreign players are appearing in our clubs, including leading players of some national teams - such as the Czech I. Jaroszek. IN last years Attempts are being made to revive mass children's football, and competitions are held for school and neighborhood teams.

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Football rules. A separate football game is called a match, which in turn consists of two halves of 45 minutes. The pause between the first and second halves is 15 minutes, during which the teams rest, and at the end of it they change goals. Football is played on a field with grass or synthetic surface. The game involves two teams: each from 7 to 11 people. One person on the team (the goalkeeper) can play with his hands in the penalty area near his goal; his main task is to protect the goal. The rest of the players also have their own tasks and positions on the field. The defenders are located mainly in their own half of the field, their task is to counteract the attacking players of the opposing team. Midfielders operate in the middle of the field, their role is to help defenders or attackers depending on the game situation. The attackers are located mainly in the opponent's half of the field, the main task is to score goals. The goal of the game is to score the ball into the opponent's goal, do this as many times as possible and try to prevent an own goal. The match is won by the team that scores the most goals. If the teams score the same number of goals during two halves, then either a draw is recorded or the winner is determined in accordance with the established regulations of the match. In this case, additional time may be assigned - two more halves of 15 minutes each. As a rule, teams are given a break between the main and extra time of the match. Between extra periods, teams are given only time to change sides. At one time in football there was a rule according to which the winner was the team that scored a goal first (the “golden goal” rule) or won at the end of any of the extra periods (the “silver goal” rule). At the moment, extra time is either not played at all or played in full (2 halves of 15 minutes each). If it is not possible to identify a winner during extra time, a series of post-match penalties are carried out, which are not part of the match: five shots are taken at the opponent’s goal from a distance of 11 meters by different players. If the number of penalties scored by both teams is equal, then one pair of penalties will be taken until a winner is identified.

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Guus Hiddink was born on November 8, 1946 in the Dutch city of Wisch and at the age of 21 began his professional football career (played as a midfielder) in the De Graafschap club, a Dutch 1st division team. According to RIA Novosti, Hidding went to the USA in 1976, where he played for Jose Earthquakes clubs. He returned to Holland in 1977 and spent the next three seasons at Nijmegen. Finish your Washington Diplomats and San L playing career in 1981 with De Graafschap. Starting next season, he began working as a coach at the same club. Guus Hiddink was born on November 8, 1946 in the Dutch city of Wisch and at the age of 21 began his professional football career (played as a midfielder) in the De Graafschap club, a Dutch 1st division team. According to RIA Novosti, Hidding went to the USA in 1976, where he played for Jose Earthquakes clubs. He returned to Holland in 1977 and spent the next three seasons at Nijmegen. Finish your Washington Diplomats and San L playing career in 1981 with De Graafschap. Starting next season, he began working as a coach at the same club. In 1984, he was appointed assistant coach at PSV, and two seasons later became the club's head coach. In 1986-1990, under his leadership, PSV became the champion of Holland four times in a row and won the National Cup three times. Moreover, in 1988, PSV also became the winner of the European Champions Cup. In 1990, he headed the Turkish Fenerbahce, and in 1991, the Spanish Valencia, which he coached for more than two seasons. In 1995, he was appointed head coach of the Dutch national team, which he led to the quarter finals of the 1996 European Championship, and then to the quarter finals of the 1998 World Championship. In 1998, he began coaching Real Madrid, from where he was fired in February 1999 for unsatisfactory results in the Spanish Championship and critical statements about the financial state of the club. The next season he coached Betis. In January 2001, he became the head coach of the South Korean national team, which he led to the 1/2 finals of the World Cup - this is best achievement Asian team in football history. In 2002 he returned to PSV, with whom he achieved the golden double in Holland in 2005 and also reached the semi-finals of the Champions League. In July 2005, he began working part-time with the Australian national team, which in November reached the World Cup final for the first time in 32 years, winning the play-off against the Uruguay team. In April 2006, PSV secured the 19th national championship title in the club's history. Twice (in 2002 and 2006) Hus was named the Best Coach in Holland. In April 2006, Hiddink signed a four-year contract with the Russian national team. It will expire after the 2010 World Championships. He will begin his duties after the June World Championships. The Dutchman became the first foreigner in the history of domestic football to be entrusted with leading the national team. On February 27, 2007, the court of the Dutch city of Den Bosse sentenced Guus Hiddink to a fine of 45 thousand euros and six months of suspended prison with a probationary period of two years. Authorities accuse him of evading taxes amounting to about 1.4 million euros. This happened due to the fact that in 2002-03 Hiddink designated neighboring Belgium as his place of residence for the Dutch tax authorities, while remaining in his homeland. Income tax rates in Belgium and the Netherlands differ significantly - 33% and 52% respectively. Published based on materials from RIA Novosti.

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Achievements. 1986/87 - Dutch champion with PSV Eindhoven. 1987/88 - Winner of the [[Champions League Champions League[[with PSV. 1987/88 - Dutch champion with PSV. 1987/88 - Dutch Cup winner with PSV. 1988/89 - Dutch champion with PSV. 1988/89 - Champions League winner with PSV. 1988/89 - Dutch Cup winner with PSV. 1989/90 - Dutch Cup winner with PSV. 1998 - Winner of the Intercontinental Cup with Real Madrid. 1998 - [[World Cup | World Championship[[: fourth place with the Dutch team. 2002 - World Championship: fourth place with the South Korean team. 2002/03 - Dutch champion with PSV. 2004/05 - Dutch champion with PSV. 2004/05 - Dutch Cup winner with PSV. 2005/06 - Dutch champion with PSV. 2006 - World Championship: 1/8 finals with the Australian team. Career Football career: 1967-1970 "De Graafschap" (Holland) 1970-1971 PSV Eindhoven (Holland) 1972-1977 "De Graafschap" (Holland) 1977-1978 NEK, Nijmegen (Holland) 1978 "[[Washington Diplomats[[" (USA) 1978-1980 NEK, Nijmegen (Holland) 1980 “San Jose Airsquakes” (USA) Coaching career: 1981-1983 “De Grafsap” (Holland), assistant head coach 1983-1987 PSV Eindhoven (Holland), assistant head coach coach 1987-1990 PSV, Eindhoven (Holland), head coach 1990-1991 Fenerbahce, Istanbul (Turkey), head coach 1991-1994 Valencia (Spain), head coach 1995-1998 Dutch national team, head coach 1998- 1999 “Real”, Madrid (Spain), head coach February-May 2000 “Betis”, Seville (Spain), head coach 2001-2002 South Korean national team, head coach 2002-2006 PSV, Eindhoven (Holland), head coach 2005 -2006 Australian national team, head coach Since April 14, 2006 - head coach of the Russian national team.

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Composition of the Russian Team. Igor Akinfeev 04/08/1986 CSKA Moscow goalkeeper Vladimir Gabulov 10/19/1983 Dynamo Moscow goalkeeper Vyacheslav Malafeev 03/04/1979 Zenit St. Petersburg goalkeeper Alexander Anyukov 09.28.1982 Zenit St. Petersburg defender Berezutsky Alexey 06/20/1982 Defender of CSKA Moscow Berezutsky Vasily 06/20/1982 Defender of CSKA Moscow Ignashevich Sergei 07/14/1979 Defender of CSKA Moscow Kolodin Denis 01/11/1982 Defender of “Dynamo” Moscow Yanbaev Renat 04/07/1984 Defender of “Lokomotiv” Moscow Aldonin Evgeniy 22.01 .1980 Midfielder CSKA Moscow Bilyaletdinov Diniyar 02/27/1985 Midfielder "Everton" England Bystrov Vladimir 01/31/1984 Midfielder "Zenit" St. Petersburg Denisov Igor 05/17/1984 Midfielder "Zenit" St. Petersburg Dzagoev Alan 06/17/1990 Midfielder CSKA Moscow Zhirkov Yuri 08/20/1983 Midfielder " Chelsea England Zyryanov Konstantin 04.10. 1977 Midfielder "Zenit" St. Petersburg Rebko Alexey 04/23/1986 Midfielder FC "Moscow" Saenko Ivan 10/17/1983 Midfielder "Spartak" Moscow Semak Sergey 02/27/1976 Midfielder "Rubin" Kazan Semshov Igor 04/06/19 78 Midfielder Zenit St. Petersburg Arshavin Andrey 05/29/1981 Forward "Arsenal" England Bukharov Alexander 03/12/1985 Forward "Rubin" Kazan Kerzhakov Alexander 11/27/1982 Forward "Dynamo" Moscow Pavlyuchenko Roman 12/15/1981 Forward "Tottenham" England Pogrebnyak Pavel 08/11/1983 Forward "Sh" Tutgart" Germany

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Football fields. SIZES OF FOOTBALL FIELDS. Length: minimum 90 m (100 yards), maximum 120 m (130 yards) Width: minimum 45 m (50 yards), maximum 90 m (100 yards) Field dimensions for international matches: Length: minimum 100 m (110 yards) , maximum 110 m (120 yards) Width: minimum 64 m (70 yards), maximum 75 m (80 yards) Recommended values: Length - 105 meters Width - 68 meters Markings Field markings are made with lines no more than 12 cm (5 inches) wide ; these lines are included in the areas they limit. All lines must be the same width. The two long lines that border the field of play are called the touchlines; two short lines are goal lines. Center of the field The field is divided into two halves by a center line connecting the midpoints of the side lines. A field center mark is made in the middle of the center line, around which a circle with a radius of 9.15 m (10 yards) is drawn. The kick-off is taken from the center field mark at the beginning of each half of regular and extra time, as well as after each goal scored. When taking the kick-off, all players must be in their own half of the field, and the opponents of the team taking the kick must be outside the center circle. Goal area On each half of the field, a goal area is marked - the area from which a goal kick is taken, and within which the goalkeeper cannot be pushed (including correctly), except when he is standing on the ground and in possession of the ball or blocking the ball. Two lines are drawn deep into the field from a point 5.5 m (6 yards) from the inside of each goal post, at right angles to the goal line. At a distance of 5.5 m (6 yards) these lines are connected by another line parallel to the goal line. Thus, the dimensions of the goal area are 18.32 m (20 yards) by 5.5 m (6 yards).

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Penalty area Penalty area A penalty area is marked on each half of the field - an area in which the goalkeeper can play with his hands, and a penalty kick will be awarded to the team that commits an offense punishable by a free kick in its penalty area. From a point 16.5 m (18 yds) from the inside of each goal post, at right angles to the goal line, two lines are drawn deep into the field. At a distance of 16.5 m (18 yards) these lines are connected by another line parallel to the goal line. The dimensions of the penalty area are therefore 40.32 m (44 yards) by 16.5 m (18 yards). Within the penalty area, in the center of the goal line and at a distance of 11 m (12 yards) from it, a penalty mark is applied. Outside the penalty area, an arc of a circle with a radius of 9.15 m (10 yards) is drawn, the center of which is on the penalty mark. This arc is used to position team players when taking a penalty kick. Corner Sectors At each of the four corners of the field, an arc of 1 m (or 1 yard) radius is drawn, centered at the corner of the field, delimiting the sector for corner kicks. At a distance of 9.15 m (10 yards) from the boundaries of the corner sectors, marks may be placed on the touch lines and goal lines (on the outside of the lines, adjacent to them at right angles) used to determine the distance at which players are when a corner kick is taken. . Flag Poles In the corners of the field, flags must be installed on flagpoles that are at least 1.5 meters (5 feet) high and do not have points at the top. Also, flagpoles can be installed at a distance of at least one meter from the intersection of the center and side lines (in practice they are used extremely rarely). Goals A goal must be placed in the center of each goal line. They consist of two vertical posts located at equal distances from the corner flagpoles and connected at the top by a horizontal crossbar. The gate must be securely fixed to the ground; the use of portable gates is permissible only if they comply with this requirement. The distance between the posts is 7.32 m (8 yards), and the distance from the bottom contour of the crossbar to the ground is 2.44 m (8 ft). The cross-sectional width and height of both posts and crossbar are the same and do not exceed 12 cm (5 inches). The width of the goal line is equal to the width of the posts and crossbar. Nets may be attached to the goal and the ground behind the goal, which must be securely attached and positioned so as not to interfere with the goalkeeper. Gate posts and crossbars must be made of wood, metal or other material permitted by the relevant standard, and have cross section the shape of a rectangle, ellipse, square or circle and be white.

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Technical zone Technical zone When matches are held in stadiums where there are specially designated areas for the accommodation of technical staff and substitute players, a technical zone is designated in the immediate vicinity of the field, the boundaries of which protrude 1 meter on both sides of the area allocated for the bench and forward up to a distance of 1 meter from the side line. It is recommended to use markings to indicate the boundaries of this area. Football Field Construction A world-class football field is a complex multi-layered structure. The football field consists (from top to bottom) of the following parts: Grass; Substrate made of sand and crushed stone; Heating pipes; Drainage pipes. Grass cover The grass cover needs to be watered and fertilized, as well as the “bald spots” need to be sown. The grass does not allow for many games: to prevent it from being trampled, the number of matches on natural grass should not exceed two per week. In modern stadiums, grass is not grown, but rather brought in in the form of rolls of turf. Synthetic turf Main article: Artificial grass Synthetic turf is a “carpet” of synthetic material from which “blades of grass” stick out. Each blade of grass is not just a strip of plastic, but a complex-shaped product with stiffening ribs. To ensure elasticity, the artificial turf is covered with sand and rubber crumbs on top. Synthetic turf requires only two types of maintenance: after a certain number of games, the turf is replaced with a new one; After each match, using a special machine similar to a large vacuum cleaner, the sand and rubber are removed, separated and laid down again. Mixed coating Mixed coating is turf into which synthetic blades of grass are sewn using a special machine. This type of surface is very expensive, but is practically no different from grass and can withstand much more matches. Care is also limited to watering, fertilizing and timely replacement of bald spots. The first Russian stadium to use such a coating is Lokomotiv Moscow. All world championships are held on grass (and mixed, since it is equivalent to grass).

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Soccer ball. History At the initial stage of the development of football, the ball was made from the bladders of animals, which quickly became unusable if they were hit hard enough. Ball production technology changed qualitatively with the discovery of vulcanized rubber by Charles Goodyear in 1838. In 1855 he introduced the first ball made of rubber. The use of rubber made it possible to enhance the quality of the ball's rebound and its strength. Seven years later, in 1862, another inventor, Richard Lyndon, created the first inflatable rubber bladder for a ball [He later developed a pump for the chamber, and his invention won a medal at an exhibition in London. Thanks to the discovery of rubber and the invention of the inflatable chamber, the necessary technical conditions were created for industrial production soccer balls. In 1863, the Football Association of England was founded, which unified football rules for the first time, but at that time nothing was mentioned in them about a football. In 1872, a standard size and weight of the ball was officially established. Previously, the size and weight of a soccer ball were determined by mutual agreement of the parties concerned. According to the new rules, a soccer ball must have a round shape with a volume of 68.6 to 71.7 cm. The mass of the ball could range from 368 to 425 grams. In 1937, the mass of the ball was increased to 410-450 grams and from that moment this rule remains unchanged to this day. In 1888, the English Football League was founded. Thanks to her orders, mass production of soccer balls began for the first time by the Miter and Thomlinson companies. At the beginning of the 20th century, their quality improved significantly; thanks to durable rubber, the camera could withstand high pressure. The ball consisted of an inner tube and a tire. The tire was made of genuine leather and consisted of 18 panels, each of which was sewn together using lacing. In the early 1960s, a completely synthetic soccer ball was produced. Natural leather was still used in production, but in the end synthetic materials completely replaced it.

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Design. A soccer ball has three main components: the tire, the lining, and the tube. Tire The tire is made mainly from synthetics, rather than natural leather, as at the initial stage of production, since leather has absorbent characteristics and the ball gains weight. Modern synthetic materials have advantages over natural leather in a number of characteristics, so leather is practically no longer used. As a rule, the material used is PU (polyurethane) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Most modern balls consist of 32 waterproof panels, 12 of which are pentagonal in shape, 20 are hexagonal. Soccer ball panels are sewn with threads by hand or machine, or glued together. The design of these 32 polygons is called a truncated icosahedron - not the closest to a ball geometric figure, this is simply how the technologically optimal number of seams between the pieces is achieved, and the spherical shape is given to the ball due to the air pressure pumped inside. The first such ball was produced in Denmark in 1950 by Select and became widespread in Europe. It began to be used worldwide after the 1970 World Cup, at which there were such balls produced by Adidas. Before this, a ball was used that consisted of 18 oblong parts and was laced, similar in structure to modern volleyballs. This design is still quite common today. In 2004, Adidas first introduced Roteiro, the official ball of the 2004 European Football Championship. Roteiro panels were bonded together using a fundamentally new method - thermal bonding technology. The 2006 FIFA World Cup final in Germany was played with a Teamgeist ball. For the first time since 1970, Adidas departed from the traditional 32 panel tire configuration and introduced a 14 panel ball. The ball panels were bonded using a thermal bonding method. The official ball of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa was the Adidas Jabulani. The structure of the soccer ball consists of 8 panels, also thermally bonded to each other. Lining The inner layer between the tire and the tube is occupied by the lining. The quality of a soccer ball directly depends on the thickness of the lining. It affects the quality of the ball's bounce and helps maintain its shape. The material for production is polyester or compressed cotton. A modern professional soccer ball consists of four or more layers of lining. Chamber Made of synthetic butyl or natural latex, sometimes polyurethane. A latex bladder retains air for a shorter period of time than a butyl bladder. But a latex bladder has an advantage over bladders made of butyl or polyurethane in three main parameters: softness, rebound and elasticity. Interesting fact- as a more recognizable formulation mentioning the shape of a soccer ball is applied to the description of the atomic lattice of the simplest of fullerenes

Slide 19

Football goal. Goals in football are installed along the end lines on both sides of the field. The goal height is 2.45 meters (8 feet), width is 7.33 (8 yards). Scoring a goal into the goal is the only way to earn points. Each goal is worth one point. Dividing the gate into zones The gate is conventionally divided into nine squares: three rows of three squares. Each square is assigned a number from 1 to 9. The counting starts from the bottom row, so that the fourth square is above the first square, the seventh square is above the fourth, etc. Dividing the goal into squares is done for training purposes: usually the coach gives the field players the task of hitting goal, trying to hit the ball in a precisely defined area (for example, “five” is the very center of the goal, “one”, “three”, “seven” and “nine” are the corners of the goal). “Nine” is the upper right or left corner of a football goal. In all other situations, the central zones are not numbered at all (football commentators usually use the expressions “to kick low or high in the center of the goal, to kick under the crossbar”), and the side zones are usually given the names “three”, “six” and “nine” and when In this case, immediately clarify whether we are talking about the right or left side of the gate. It should be kept in mind that in spoken language the expression “hit the nine” is used only if the ball hits exactly “under the crossbar,” that is, near the intersection of the bar and crossbar.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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Football is a team sport in which the goal is to kick the ball into the opponent's goal with your feet or other parts of the body (except your hands) more times than the opposing team. Currently the most popular and widespread sport in the world.

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History of Football Ball games were played in many countries. In China, this variety was called Zhu-Ke. IN ancient Sparta the game was called "Episkiros", and in Ancient Rome"Harpastum". Somewhere in modern times, games were held in the Bryansk lands, the equipment of which was a leather ball the size of a human head, stuffed with feathers. These competitions were called “shalyga” and “kila”. Around the 14th century, the Italians invented the game "Calcio". It was they who brought this game to the British Isles.

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First rules In the 19th century, football in England gained popularity comparable to cricket. It was played primarily in colleges. But in some colleges, the rules allowed dribbling and passing the ball with one's hands, while in others, on the contrary, it was prohibited. The first attempt to create uniform rules was made in 1846, when representatives of several colleges met. In 1855, the first specialized football club, Sheffield, was founded. In 1863, after long negotiations, a set of rules for the Football Association of England was adopted. The dimensions of the field and goal were also adopted. And in 1871, the FA Cup was founded - the oldest football tournament in the world.

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In 1891, the penalty kick rule was adopted. But at first the penalty was taken not from the point, but from the line, which, just like now, was located 11 meters from the goal.

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Legalization of professionalism and spread throughout the planet in the 80s years XIX century, football became popular in society. The number of clubs in the Football Association exceeded 100. In early 1884, Upton Park accused Preston North End of paying wages to its players. Preston president William Saddell also admitted this. The club was expelled from the FA. And in 1885, the Football Association still allowed football players to be paid salaries. This led to the creation of the world's first regular Football League. On November 30, 1872, the first ever international match was played. It took place between the national teams of England and Scotland. In 1904, FIFA, the governing body of football, was founded in Paris.

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Rules of the game There are 17 official rules games, each containing a list of disclaimers and guidelines. The rules of the game are published by FIFA, but are supported by the International Football Association Board (IFAB)

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Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. The rules of unofficial competitions may reduce the number of players to a maximum of 7. An individual football game is called a match, which in turn consists of two halves of 45 minutes. The pause between the first and second halves is 15 minutes, during which the teams rest, and at the end of it they change goals. The goal of the game is to score the ball into the opponent's goal, do this as many times as possible and try to prevent an own goal. The match is won by the team that scores the most goals.

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Tactics Playing football requires speed, strength and skill. Many clubs around the world have schemes with the position of “libero” or “sweeper”. He sits behind the center backs and corrects their mistakes. This scheme was first tested by Elinio Herrera during his time at Internazionale.

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During the work of Rinus Michels at Ajax, the concept of “total football” appeared. This means that players can change positions on the field depending on the circumstances. Due to this, Ajax and the Dutch national team, which was later coached by Rinus, achieved great success

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Football in the world According to FIFA, in 2001, about 250 million people played football around the world. Of these, more than 20 million are women. There are approximately 1.5 million registered teams and 300,000 professional clubs. However, the number of football players in a particular country does not at all indicate the quality of football in that country. different parts peace. Thus, the FIFA World Cups were won exclusively by European and South American teams, and in Uruguay, which is a two-time winner of the FIFA World Cup, fewer people live than there are registered football players in Russia.

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Referees Before a match, referees must check the goal net and field markings and analyze the weather conditions. After the game, the referees write a protocol in which they explain all their decisions. Assistant referees In addition to the chief referee in football, there are also side referees. They help determine offside situations. They can also tell the head referee in a situation where he did not see a foul or a goal. In 2012, UEFA added a goal referee.

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Competitions Competitions in football, as in any other sport, are an important component of the game. The competition is organized by the federation; for each tournament, regulations are drawn up, which usually determine the composition of the participants, the tournament layout, the rules for determining the winner in case of equality of points, and any deviations from the rules, for example, the number of substitutions. Competitions are divided into domestic and international, which in turn are divided into club and national teams. Football tournaments attract tens of thousands of spectators in the stands of the stadium and audiences of millions on television.

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STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

"St. Petersburg University of Engineering and Economics"

DEPARTMENT OF Applied Informatics

course: Physical education

subject:

Work is done

2nd year student of pro-21 group

day, evening or correspondence department

Metelkin Andrey Vyacheslavovich (full full name)

Vologda city

General concept and history of football

History of domestic football

Notes

Bibliography

General concept and football history

Football (English football, “football”) is a team sport in which the goal is to kick the ball into the opponent’s goal with your feet or other parts of the body (except hands) more times than the opposing team. Currently the most popular and widespread sport in the world.

The full English name (English association football) was coined to distinguish this game from other varieties of football, especially rugby football. In the 1880s, the abbreviated name “soccer” appeared, which today has become widespread in a number of English-speaking countries (excluding England, where fans consider it disparaging).

In other languages ​​the name of the game is:

Or by borrowing English word football, as in Russia - football, in Portugal - port. futebol.

Or by translating the word football, such as in German. Fu?ball, Greek - Greek. ??????????, Finnish - fin. jalkapallo, Hebrew - Hebrew. ???????, Karelian - Karelian. jalgamiaccy and Adyghe - Adyg. l'epeeu.

Or derived from the words “kick”, “leg”, etc., as in Italian ital. calcio, Croatian - Croatian. nogomet.

"Football" is the official international name of the game used by FIFA and the IOC.

Games similar to modern football have existed for quite a long time among different nations, but the first recorded rules date back to 1848. The birth date of football is considered to be 1863, when the first Football Association was organized and rules similar to modern ones were drawn up. The history of football began a very long time ago. For example, in Egypt, Germany, and China there were games similar to football. The most successful of them was called harpastum and was invented by the Italians. But when modern football appeared, harpastum was forgotten. When the British invented football, they immediately began to popularize it in all countries, including Russia. At that time, many English teams participated in the championship. Football in Russia was first mentioned in the book of one of the doctors, “games with a ball in the air.”

According to a statement by FIFA in 2001, about 250 million people played football on the planet. Of these, more than 20 million are women. There are approximately 1.5 million registered teams and 300,000 professional clubs.

In the distribution by country, the United States is in first place (approximately 18 million, of which 40% are women), followed by Indonesia (10 million), Mexico (7.4 million), China (7.2 million), Brazil (7 million), Germany (6.2 million), Bangladesh (5.2 million), Italy (4 million), Russia (3.8 million).

There are a number of organizations that control, manage and distribute football. The main one is FIFA, located in Zurich, Switzerland. It organizes international competitions on a global scale, in particular the World Championships. Next come continental organizations and organizations by country, region and city, etc. Each has responsibilities for organizing relevant football competitions, monitoring the activities of their member clubs, distributing and popularizing football in the region.

A football club is the basic unit of the entire football structure. He is the link between players, staff and organizations. Essentially, this is a team of football players that is part of one of the organizations and has a certain infrastructure and support staff.

History of domestic football

Football was brought to Russia by the British at the end of the 19th century. In 1897, the St. Petersburg “Circle of Sports Lovers” created the first Russian football team. The number of teams was constantly growing. In 1901 the St. Petersburg Football League was formed. The Moscow Football League began its activities in 1911. Following the example of St. Petersburg and Moscow, football clubs in many cities of the country united into football leagues (Odessa, Kharkov, Kyiv, Donbass, etc.). Overall, it was still very “green” football. The game had a pronounced athletic character. Forwards were valued for their assertiveness, and defenders for their size. Competitions arose instantly, unexpectedly. They played in boots, boots, barefoot. Often matches ended in a brawl.

Most of the outstanding football masters began their football lives in “wild” teams. Such popular players of the first generation as P. Kanunnikov, F. Selin, N. Sokolov, M. Butusov acquired their first football skills in the ranks of these “wild” teams. The first game between the national teams of St. Petersburg and Moscow took place in 1907 and ended with the victory of St. Petersburg 2:0. In 1911 the All-Russian Football Union was organized. In 1913 the second Russian championship was played. The result was sensational. The St. Petersburg team, the undisputed favorite, lost to the Odessa team in the final match with a score of 2:4. In 1914, the meetings that began at the Russian Championship were not completed. They were interrupted by the First World War. Russian football players entered the international arena for the first time in 1910, when the team of the Prague club Corinthians visited Russia. Russian football players could not provide adequate resistance to foreigners and for the most part lost. His story was just beginning.

Football in Russia did not become widespread until 1917. It became truly widespread in the years Soviet power. Since 1923, national championships began to be played, initially for national teams of cities (the Moscow team achieved the greatest success). Since 1936, championships and the USSR Cup have been played for club teams. In the 1930s The names of the Starostin brothers, who played for the Moscow Spartak, thundered.

The champions of the USSR were: Dynamo (Kyiv) thirteen times, Spartak (Moscow) twelve times, Dynamo (Moscow) eleven times, CDKA-CSKA seven times, Torpedo (Moscow) three times, twice "Dynamo" (Tbilisi), twice - "Dnepr" (Dnepropetrovsk), once each - "Ararat" (Yerevan), "Dynamo" (Minsk) and "Zenit" (Leningrad) were winners of the USSR Cup: ten-time - Spartak. (Moscow), nine-time - Dynamo (Kiev), six-time - Dynamo (Moscow), six-time - Torpedo (Moscow), five-time - CDKA - CSKA, four-time - Shakhtar (Donetsk), two-time winners - Ararat "(Yerevan) and "Dynamo" (Tbilisi), Zenit (Leningrad), SKA (Rostov-on-Don), Metalist (Kharkov) and Dnepr (Dnepropetrovsk) held the Cup once each. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russia and other union republics began to hold their own national championships. The undisputed leader of Russian football is the Moscow Spartak team. The team became the champion in 1992-2001 (except for 1995, when the Spartak-Alania team won the highest title). The winners of the Russian Cup were: “Torpedo” (Moscow) - 1993; "Spartak" (Moscow) - 1994, 1998; "Dynamo" (Moscow) - 1995; "Lokomotiv" (Moscow) - 1996, 1997, 2000; Zenit (St. Petersburg) - 1999. The highest achievements of the team in the world championships: fourth place in 1966. The highest achievements of the team in the Cup and European Championships: first place in 1960, second places in 1964, 1972 and 1988. The highest achievements of the team in Olympic tournaments: first places in 1956 and 1988. Head coaches of the USSR national team: in 1956 and 1960 - G. Kachalin, in 1964 - K. Beskov, in 1972 - N. Gulyaev, in 1988 - V. Lobanovsky and A. Byshovets . The coaches of the Russian national team are O. Romantsev, since 2002 - V. Gazzaev.

The highest achievements of clubs in European cups: first places of Dynamo Kyiv in the Cup Winners' Cup in 1974-75 and 1985-86, Dynamo Tbilisi in 1980-81, Dynamo Kyiv winning the European Super Cup in 1975. The Kyivans were coached by V. Lobanovsky, the Tbilisians - N. Akhalkatsi. The best football players in Europe were named: in 1963 - Dynamo Moscow goalkeeper Lev Yashin, in 1975 - Dynamo Kyiv forward O. Blokhin, in 1986 - Dynamo Kyiv forward I. Belanov.

The biggest victory of our football is winning the European Football Championship in 1960 (the first in the history of this sport). The USSR national team defeated Yugoslavia in the final with a score of 2:1. Our players also reached the finals of the European Championship twice in 1964 and 1988.

In 1988, in Seoul, our Olympic football team took gold, beating the Brazilians in the final with a score of 2: 1. At the World Championships, Soviet football players reached the semifinals in 1966 in England, so far this is the highest achievement of our team at the World Cup. football.

At the club level, teams from the USSR won the Cup Winners' Cup three times. Twice Dynamo (Kyiv) and once Dynamo (Tbilisi). In 1991, Moscow Spartak reached the semi-finals of the Champions Cup (now this tournament is called the Champions League).

These are the main achievements in the history of Soviet football.

After the collapse of the USSR, Russian football took over the baton from Soviet football. At first, our football experienced great difficulties, which were facilitated by the difficult situation in the country itself, and the fact that many great football players had already become players of other national teams (Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia).

The Russian national team and our clubs performed inconsistently, alternating between wonderful victories and disastrous defeats. Our national team could not reach the playoffs of the World or European Championships. And the Russian national team did not always qualify for these tournaments.

In recent years, the situation in our football has improved significantly. In 2005, the UEFA Cup was won by the capital's CSKA, and three years later this trophy was won by the St. Petersburg Zenit team. What stands out for Russian football in the post-Soviet period is the Russian national team’s entry into the semi-finals of Euro 2008, where we lost to the Spaniards.

Below are the most remarkable and significant events in the history of Russian football for each year.

Notes

1993 - Moscow Spartak reached the semi-finals of the Cup Winners' Cup, where they lost to the Belgian Antwerp.

1994 - the Russian national football team takes 3rd place in the group at the World Cup in the USA, which did not allow it to reach the playoffs. However, in one of the matches, the Russians defeated the Cameroon team with a score of 6: 1. Oleg Salenko scored five goals in this match, setting a record in the history of this tournament. In total, Oleg Salenko scored 6 goals at that championship, thanks to which he became the top scorer of the tournament together with Hristo Stoichkov and received the Golden Boot.

1995 - The Russian national team made it to Euro 96. Our players took 1st place in their qualifying group without losing a single match.

In the Champions League, Spartak Moscow successfully passed the group stage, winning all 6 matches and taking 1st place in the group.

Vladikavkaz Alania became the Russian football champion this year for the first time.

1996 - Spartak lost to the French Nantes in the quarter finals of the Champions League on aggregate.

The Russian national football team at Euro 96, having scored one point, took last place in its group, which did not allow it to advance further.

1997 - The Russian national football team failed to qualify for the 1998 World Cup. It took second place in its qualifying group, and lost to the Italians in the play-offs.

Moscow clubs Spartak and Lokomotiv have extended their participation in European competitions for next year.

1998 - Moscow Spartak reached the semi-finals of the UEFA Cup, Moscow Lokomotiv reached the semi-finals of the Cup Winners' Cup. Our clubs could not make it to the finals.

The Russian national team has a disastrous start to the qualifying round for Euro 2000, losing all three first matches. This was followed by a change in head coach. Instead of Anatoly Byshovets, the national team was headed by Oleg Romantsev.

1999 - The Russian national team, under the leadership of new coach Oleg Romantsev, played much more successfully. In the qualifying tournament for Euro 2000, the Russians won 6 victories in a row, including over the current world champions, the French, but in the last match the Russians tied with the Ukrainians and did not qualify for the European Championship.

Our clubs have achieved good success in European competitions. Lokomotiv reached the semi-finals of the Cup Winners' Cup, where they lost to Lazio on aggregate.

2000 - The Russian national team successfully began the qualifying cycle for the 2002 World Cup, beating all the opponents they met that year.

Moscow Spartak took second place in its Champions League group, thanks to which it reached the second group stage.

The best players in the history of Russian football

Goalkeepers: Nigmatullin, Akinfeev, Ovchinnikov

Defenders: Khlestov, Ignashevich, Varlamov, Tetradze, Anyukov, Evseev, Kolodin

Midfielders: Mostovoy, Karpin, Kanchelskis, Smertin, Tikhonov, Alenichev, Zhirkov, Khokhlov, Titov.

Forwards: Beschastnykh, Arshavin, Kerzhakov, Kolyvanov, Pavlyuchenko, Yuran

The best foreign players in Russian football.

Since the mid-90s, foreign players from various European, Latin American, Asian and African countries began to appear in our football.

The first legionnaires were not of a very high level. The first more or less worthy foreign player can be called the Brazilian Leonidos, who came to CSKA in the summer of 1996.

Over time, the Russian football championship began to be filled with players of a higher level.

This is what, in my opinion, an arbitrary top ten foreign players in the history of Russian football looks like, excluding players from the CIS countries.

Ivica Olic (Hovatia) - CSKA;

Vagner Love (Brazil) - CSKA;

Alejandro Dominez (Argentina) - Zenit, Rubin;

Danny (Portugal) - Dynamo, Zenit;

Milos Krasic (Serbia) - CSKA;

Christian Ansaldi (Argentina) - Rubin;

Gegdeniz Karadeniz (Türkiye) - Rubin; Alex (Brazil) - Spartak;

Bibliography

football club legionnaire

1. ru.wikipedia.org

2. http://zdorovosport.ru

3. fizik.ucoz.ru

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History of the development of football in Russia
Football first appeared in Russia in late XIX century. And in 1893, September 13
The first football match was officially played in St. Petersburg
Russia.
Modern football in Russia was discovered a hundred years ago in port and
industrial cities. It was “brought” to the ports by English sailors, and in
industrial centers - foreign specialists who work in factories and
Quite a lot of people worked in factories in Russia.
The first Russian football teams appeared in Odessa, Nikolaev,
Petersburg and Riga, and a little later in Moscow.
It is generally accepted that football was brought to Moscow by the British, namely
prisoners of the colonies, it is interesting that one of the first rivals of our
The players were just English.

The emergence of football in Russia
The history of Russian football dates back to 1897. Exactly at
this year the first football match was played - between teams
"Sport" and the "Vasileostrovsky Community of Football Players". This match
ended in a victory for the community with a score of 6:0. Didn't exist then
football rules. The athletes simply took the nets, a ball, and filled it
feathers and started playing. Every player tried to hit the net
opponent. That match can hardly be called a full game, but it was
starting point in the history of Russian football.

History of the 20s
The period from 1918 to 1929 can be called football from the game of singles to
number one sport. Civil War failed to affect
football life.
A distinctive feature of football in the 1920s should be considered
selfless service to him by a huge army of ordinary athletes. IN
they were ready to play their favorite game in any conditions and at all times
of the year. It was the mass character that allowed football to become not only a sport, but
and the number one spectacle in the country.
In 1924, the USSR national team was formed.

History of the 30s
In the 30s, many events took place for further development
football. The main one is the development of club football in the country.
In 1938 there were 26 football teams, of which the first
Spartak took a place in the Championship.
1939 is considered the birth of the USSR Cup, in which by that time
79 clubs participated, and Lokomotiv became the first winner of the Cup
In 1939 the Second World War began World War and football life in many
European countries froze. For us, it continued to boil until 22
May 1941, the day of the attack on the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany.

History of the 40s
The most popular team of the 40s was Dynamo Moscow.
Chelsea Football Club captain John Harris said: "Moscow
"Dynamo" is the best team I have ever played against
play. I have never had to expend so much effort to
find your direct opponent on the field.
Compliments to Dynamo Moscow poured in as if from a cornucopia
not only from the lips of journalists and fans, but also from the lips of superiors
persons
In 1948, the FIFA Congress recognized Russian along with English,
French and Spanish as their official languages.

History of the 50-60s.
In May 1952, the USSR national team performing under the flag of the Moscow team
held its first international
match after a long break with the Polish national team. The "first" damn thing came out
lumpy - ours lost by one goal. From 1952 to 1959 USSR national team held
45 matches in the international arena, while the Swedish national teams were beaten,
Israel, Denmark, Indonesia, Yugoslavia, Poland and Finland (0:10). Team
The USSR was second only to the teams of Germany and England.
In no other decade has domestic football achieved such
success, like in the 60s. The national team players illuminated world football with their
magnificent goals, original feints and jewelry
transmissions. And one of the FIFA representatives said: “Today’s
The USSR national team has something to learn even from the World Champions - the Brazilians.

History of the 70-80s
In the 70s, the USSR national team somewhat lost one of the leading positions in the
continent. Although we cannot ignore the achievements of those years: silver at the 1972 European Championships and bronze in Munich. Pleased and
youth team and youth team.
The 80s were marked primarily by the victory of the USSR Olympic team at
Games in Seoul in 1988, when the Brazilians were defeated in the final, and
silver medals at the European Championships in Germany.

History of the 90s
After the formation of the Russian Football Union in 1992, for our
Football has entered a new stage of development. A few days later there was
The national team has been confirmed. The first round took place that same year
Russian Championship. In 1996, the Russian team was third in the ranking
FIFA. This figure was the best in the history of modern football. But
Over time, our team only fell in this ranking.
In 1997, all fans of the game celebrated its centenary. In honor of
This event hosted various tournaments in many cities across the country.
Despite the weak overall results of the football team, in modern
the story has good points. Football clubs "CSKA" and "Zenith"
won the international UEFA Cup tournament.

History of the 2000s
2004 - 2005 Victory of CSKA in the UEFA Cup
Now all this has become a legend. A beautiful, great fairy tale of the Russian
football. The most difficult conditions when CSKA was forced to host the final
on foreign territory. Unsuccessful first half with full advantage
"Sporting", a wonderful transformation after the break, the final whistle,
unbridled joy in Lisbon, festive festivities throughout Russia until
morning, reception of the winners by the president of the country.

World Championships in Russia
On December 2, 2010, a significant event took place for the entire country. Russia
won the election of the country that will host the World Cup. After
This football immediately became the main sport in the country. In large cities
the country began construction of stadiums. All cities are preparing for arrival
foreign guests. The Confederations Cup was already successfully held in 2017.
Despite the weak performance of the Russian team, the audience was delighted with
tournament.
Nowadays, few people know that the USSR national team took first place in
prestigious international competitions. But despite
unconvincing performance of the national team, every year the popularity of football in
the country is only growing. The most famous football players in Russia successfully
played in the strongest foreign championships.