Test on the theme of the solar system celestial bodies. Astronomy test
Control work on the topic
Option 1
a) alternating parallel dark and light bands of clouds;
b) many craters and mountains;
1. Mercury and Venus;
2. Jupiter and Saturn;
3. Uranus and Neptune.
https://pandia.ru/text/80/248/images/image003_116.gif" width="12" height="11"> 4 2
3. 1. Describe the temperature conditions on the terrestrial planets.
2. Describe the atmospheres of the terrestrial planets and give an explanation
3. What are the temperature conditions at a shallow depth below the surface
Moon and why?
4. Choose the correct answer:
The tail of a comet is like its shell...
1. is a permanent part of the comet.
2. formed in close proximity to the Sun.
3. at any point in the comet's orbit is available for observation
5. Using the data (see table below), determine the average density of Callisto, the gravitational acceleration on the surface of Titan, and the critical velocity for Triton. The corresponding physical characteristics of the Moon are considered known (Moon mass 7.35 * 1022 kg, radius 1738 km, average density 3350 kg * m-3, free fall acceleration near the surface 1.622 m * s-2, critical velocity 2.38 km * s- 2).
Control work on the topic
“The nature of the bodies of the solar system”
Option 2
1. Select common features for pairs of planets:
a) have the largest number of satellites in the solar system;
b) have a large mass and low average density;
c) covered with thick hydrogen and methane clouds.
1. Mercury and Venus;
2. Jupiter and Saturn;
3. Uranus and Neptune.
2. Find the following items in the figure:
a) the Sun, b) an ellipse; c) aphelion; d) perihelion; e) the point at which the greatest force of attraction; g) the point where the planets move the slowest.
https://pandia.ru/text/80/248/images/image003_116.gif" width="12" height="11"> 4 2
3. 1. Describe the temperature conditions on the giant planets.
2. Describe the atmospheres of the giant planets of the group and give an explanation
her physical characteristics.
3. What are the temperature conditions on the surface of Venus and why?
4. Choose the correct answer:
comet core...
1. looks like a small planet.
2. is a collection solids and dust particles held together
mutual attraction.
3. consists of a set of separate solid bodies and dust particles stuck together into a single
block of frozen gases.
4. Using the data (see table below), determine the average density of Titan, the gravitational acceleration on the surface of Callisto, and the critical velocity for Ganymede. The corresponding physical characteristics of the Moon are considered known (Moon mass 7.35 * 1022 kg, radius 1738 km, average density 3350 kg * m-3, free fall acceleration near the surface 1.622 m * s-2, critical velocity 2.38 km * s- 2).
1 option
1. A terrestrial planet is:
1) Venus; 2) Saturn; 3) Jupiter; 4) Pluto.
1) Neptune; 2) Saturn; 3) Jupiter; 4) Mars.
1) Mercury; 2) Venus; 3) Earth; 4) Mars.
4. The temperature on the surface of Venus is:
1) - 20°С; 2) + 500; 3) +400°С; 4) - 140 °С.
5. In honor of the Roman goddess of love and beauty, the planet was named:
1) Saturn; 2) Venus; 3) Uranus; 4) Mars.
6. In honor of the Roman king of all the gods, the planet was named:
1) Saturn; 2) Jupiter; 3) Uranus; 4) Neptune.
7. In 1781, V. Herschel discovered the planet:
1) Jupiter; 2) Saturn; 3) Uranus; 4) Pluto.
8. The planet has a record number of satellites:
1) Jupiter; 2) Uranus; 3) Neptune; 4) Saturn.
1. The mass of Jupiter exceeds the mass of all other planets in the solar system combined.
3. All giant planets have rings.
4. The Earth rotates around its axis in 365 days.
5. All giant planets have a solid surface.
6. Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system.
7. The temperature on the surface of Saturn is approaching -170 "C.
8. The location of Uranus in the sky was first calculated on paper, and then the planet was discovered using a telescope.
B) Sergei Pavlovich Korolev
C) Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin
D) Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov
First female astronaut
12. Define terms
a) a star
b) an asteroid
c) comet
Control work on the topic: solar system»
2 option
1. The closest planet to the Sun in the solar system is:
1) Pluto; 2) Mercury; 3) Earth; 4) Jupiter.
2. The Great Red Spot is located:
1) on Saturn 2) on Neptune; 3) on Jupiter; 4) on Uranus.
3. Which planet in the solar system has an atmosphere composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide:
1) Mercury 2) Venus; 3) Earth; 4) Mars.
4. Twin planets are:
1) Uranus and Pluto 2) Neptune and Pluto; 3) Saturn and Uranus; 4) Uranus and Neptune.
5. In honor of the ancient Roman god of the sea, the planet was named:
1) Neptune 2) Uranus; 3) Saturn; 4) Jupiter.
6. The giant planet is:
1) Venus 2) Mars; 3) Jupiter 4) Earth.
7 . In honor of the Greek deity, the lord of the underworld, the planet was named:
1) Saturn 2) Pluto; 3) Uranus; 4) Neptune.
8. A satellite of the Earth is:
1) Triton 2) Io; 3) Luna 4) Miranda.
9. Read the statements and decide which ones are true.
1. Neptune is the smallest planet in the solar system.
2. Pluto is the most distant planet from the Sun in the solar system.
3. The Great Red Spot is on Jupiter.
5. Only Saturn has rings.
6. The temperature on the surface of Mercury is + 130 °C.
7. Pluto is the only planet whose “neighborhood” has not yet been visited by terrestrial spacecraft.
8. Uranus and Neptune are often referred to as "brother" planets.
10. "PERSONALITY". Match and find pairs:
A) Konstantin Eduardovich TsiolkovskyB) Sergei Pavlovich Korolev
C) Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin
D) Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov
D) Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova
Rocket and space technology designer
The first astronaut in the history of mankind
First female astronaut
First cosmonaut to go into outer space
The scientist who proved that it is possible to explore space with the help of a rocket
What events are associated with these dates?
Define terms
Star
Constellation
Meteorite
13. Think and answer the question. What is the role of our country in space exploration?
Full name of the student ______________________________________________
Test on the topic "Solar system"
Underline the correct answer.
1. A celestial body that revolves around the sun: a) a satellite; c) a planet b) meteorite; d) a star.
2. The brightest planet in the solar system: a) Earth; c) Venus; b) Mars; d) the moon.
3. "Tailed" celestial bodies: a) asteroids; c) planets; b) comets; d) stars.
4. The central place in the solar system is occupied by: a) Earth; c) Jupiter; b) the moon; d) the sun.
5. The smallest planet in the solar system: a) Mercury; c) Pluto; b) Mars; d) Uranus.
7. Space object revolving around the planet: a) a star; c) an asteroid; b) satellite; d) comet.
8. The planets of the solar system are studied by: a) geographers; c) astronomers; b) historians; d) chemists.
9. The largest planet in the solar system: a) Jupiter; c) Uranus; b) Saturn; d) Neptune.
10. The closest star to the planet Earth: a) Polaris; c) Antares; b) the moon; d) the sun.
Answers
1. A celestial body that revolves around the sun: a) a satellite; in) planet ; b) meteorite; d) a star.
2. The brightest planet in the solar system: a) Earth; in) Venus; b) Mars; d) the moon.
3. "Tailed" celestial bodies: a) asteroids; c) planets; b) comets; d) stars.
4. The central place in the solar system is occupied by: a) Earth; c) Jupiter; b) the moon; G) Sun.
5. The smallest planet in the solar system: a) Mercury ; c) Pluto; b) Mars; d) Uranus.
7. Space object revolving around the planet: a) a star; c) an asteroid; b) satellite ; d) comet.
8. The planets of the solar system are studied by: a) geographers; in) astronomers ; b) historians; d) chemists.
9. The largest planet in the solar system: a) Jupiter; c) Uranus; b) Saturn; d) Neptune.
10. The closest star to the planet Earth: a) Polaris; c) Sirius; b) the moon; d) the sun.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
The lesson of the surrounding world on the topic "Solar System" is compiled according to the textbook by O.T.
Lesson - reflections on the topics: "Solar system", "Rotation of the Earth", "Illumination belts"
Lesson on the world around in the 2nd grade according to the teaching materials "School 2100". The technologies of the activity method, interactive learning were used....
Reshebnik in astronomy grade 11 for lesson number 16 ( workbook) - Small bodies of the solar system
1. Complete the sentences.
Dwarf planets are a separate class of celestial objects.
Dwarf planets are objects orbiting a star that are not satellites.
2. The dwarf planets are (underline as appropriate): Pluto, Ceres, Charon, Vesta, Sedna.
3. Fill in the table: describe the distinctive features of the small bodies of the solar system.
| Characteristics | asteroids | Comets | meteorites |
| View in the sky | star-like object | diffuse object | "Shooting star" |
| Orbits |
|
Comets of short period P< 200 лет, долгого периода - P >200 years; the shape of the orbits is elongated ellipses | Diverse |
| Medium sizes | From tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers | Core - from 1 km to tens of km; tail ~ 100 million km; head ~ 100 thousand km | From micrometers to meters |
| Compound | rocky | Ice with stone particles, organic molecules | Iron, stone, iron-stone |
| Origin | Collision of planetesimals | The remains of the primary matter on the outskirts of the solar system | Fragments from collisions, remnants of the evolution of comets |
| Consequences of a collision with the Earth | explosion, crater | air burst | Funnel on Earth, sometimes meteorite |
4. Complete the sentences.
Option 1.
The remnant of a meteorite body that did not burn up in the earth's atmosphere and fell to the surface of the earth is called a meteorite.
Comet tails can exceed millions of kilometers.
The nucleus of a comet is made up of cosmic dust, ice and frozen volatile compounds.
Meteor bodies break into the Earth's atmosphere at speeds of 7 km / s (burn in the atmosphere) and 20-30 km / s (do not burn).
A radiant is a small area of the sky from which the visible paths of individual meteors of a meteor shower diverge.
Large asteroids have their own names, for example: Pallas, Juno, Vesta, Astrea, Hebe, Iris, Flora, Metis, Hygiea, Parthenope, etc.
Option 2.
A very bright meteor, visible on Earth as a fireball flying across the sky, is a fireball.
Comet heads reach the size of the Sun.
The tail of a comet is made up of rarefied gas and tiny particles.
Meteor bodies flying into the Earth's atmosphere glow, evaporate and completely burn out at altitudes of 60-80 km, larger meteorite bodies can collide with the surface.
Solid fragments of the comet are gradually distributed along the comet's orbit in the form of a cloud stretched along the orbit.
The orbits of most asteroids in the solar system lie between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars in the asteroid belt.
5. Is there a fundamental difference in the physical nature of small asteroids and large meteorites? Justify your answer.
An asteroid becomes a meteorite only when it enters the Earth's atmosphere.
6. The figure shows a diagram of the meeting of the Earth with a meteor shower. Analyze the drawing and answer the questions.
What is the origin of a meteor shower (a swarm of meteor particles)?
A meteor shower is formed from the decay of cometary nuclei.
What determines the period of revolution of a meteor shower around the Sun?
From the period of revolution of the parent comet, from the perturbation of the planets, the speed of the ejection.
In what case will the greatest number of meteors be observed on Earth (meteor, or stellar rain)?
When the Earth crosses the main mass of particles of the meteor swarm.
How are meteor showers named? Name some of them.
According to the constellation where the radiant is located.
7. Draw the structure of a comet. Specify the following elements: core, head, tail.
8.* What energy will be released during the impact of a meteorite with a mass m = 50 kg, having a speed near the Earth's surface v = 2 km / s?
9. What is the semi-major axis of the orbit of Halley's comet if the period of its revolution is T = 76 years?
10. Calculate the approximate width of the Perseid meteor shower in kilometers, knowing that it is observed from July 16 to August 22.
